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Laplace pressure driven surface-tension-confined microfluidics on a hybrid and directional surface(Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society, 2016-01-01) [Conference Paper]
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One-step tailoring surface roughness and surface chemistry to prepare superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes for enhanced membrane distillation performances(Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Elsevier BV, 2019-06-05) [Article]Superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is a promising material for membrane distillation. Existing approaches for preparing superhydrophobic PVDF membrane often involve separate manipulation of surface roughness and surface chemistry. Here we report a one-step approach to simultaneously manipulate both the surface roughness and surface chemistry of PVDF nanofibrous membranes for enhanced direct-contact membrane distillation (DCMD) performances. The manipulation was realized in a unique solvent-thermal treatment process, during which a treatment solution containing alcohols was involved. We demonstrate that by using different chain-length alcohols in the treatment solvent, surface roughness can be promoted by creating nanofin structures on the PVDF nanofibers using an alcohol which has moderate affinity with PVDF. Meanwhile, surface chemistry can be tuned by adjusting the fraction distribution of crystal phases (nonpolar α phase and polar β phase) in the membrane using different alcohols. PVDF membranes with different surface wettabilities were used to evaluate the effects of surface roughness and surface energy on the DCMD performances. Combining both low surface energy and multi-scale surface roughness, pentanol-treated PVDF membrane achieved best anti-water property (water contact angle of 164.1° and sliding angle of 8.1°), and exhibited superior water flux and enhanced anti-wetting ability to low-surface-tension feed in the DCMD application.
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Annual maximum sea surface temperature across the Red Sea (1982-2015), supplement to: Chaidez, Veronica; Dreano, Denis; Agustí, Susana; Duarte, Carlos Manuel; Hoteit, Ibrahim (2017): Decadal trends in Red Sea maximum surface temperature. Scientific Reports, 7(1)(PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science, 2017) [Dataset]Ocean warming is a major consequence of climate change, with the surface of the ocean having warmed by 0.11 °C/decade over the last 50 years and is estimated to continue to warm by an additional 0.6-2.0 °C before the end of the century. However, there is considerable variability in the rates experienced by different ocean regions, so understanding regional trends is important to inform on possible stresses for marine organisms, particularly in warm seas where organisms may be already operating in the high end of their thermal tolerance. Although the Red Sea is one of the warmest ecosystems on earth, its historical warming trends and thermal evolution remain largely understudied. We characterized the Red Sea's thermal regimes at the basin scale, with a focus on the spatial distribution and changes over time of sea surface temperature maxima, using remotely sensed sea surface temperature data from 1982-2015. The overall rate of warming for the Red Sea is 0.17 ± 0.07 °C/decade, while the northern Red Sea is warming between 0.40 and 0.45 °C/decade, all exceeding the global rate. Our findings show that the Red Sea is fast warming, which may in the future challenge its organisms and communities.