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    Anatomical study of the radius and center of curvature of the distal femoral condyle

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Kosel, Jürgen cc
    Giouroudi, Ioanna
    Scheffer, Cornie
    Dillon, Edwin Mark
    Erasmus, Pieter J.
    KAUST Department
    Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division
    Electrical Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Sensing, Magnetism and Microsystems Lab
    Date
    2010-08-16
    Online Publication Date
    2010-08-16
    Print Publication Date
    2010-09-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/561528
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    In this anatomical study, the anteroposterior curvature of the surface of 16 cadaveric distal femurs was examined in terms of radii and center point. Those two parameters attract high interest due to their significance for total knee arthroplasty. Basically, two different conclusions have been drawn in foregoing studies: (1) The curvature shows a constant radius and (2) the curvature shows a variable radius. The investigations were based on a new method combining three-dimensional laser-scanning and planar geometrical analyses. This method is aimed at providing high accuracy and high local resolution. The high-precision laser scanning enables the exact reproduction of the distal femurs - including their cartilage tissue - as a three-dimensional computer model. The surface curvature was investigated on intersection planes that were oriented perpendicularly to the surgical epicondylar line. Three planes were placed at the central part of each condyle. The intersection of either plane with the femur model was approximated with the help of a b-spline, yielding three b-splines on each condyle. The radii and center points of the circles, approximating the local curvature of the b-splines, were then evaluated. The results from all three b-splines were averaged in order to increase the reliability of the method. The results show the variation in the surface curvatures of the investigated samples of condyles. These variations are expressed in the pattern of the center points and the radii of the curvatures. The standard deviations of the radii for a 90 deg arc on the posterior condyle range from 0.6 mm up to 5.1 mm, with an average of 2.4 mm laterally and 2.2 mm medially. No correlation was found between the curvature of the lateral and medial condyles. Within the range of the investigated 16 samples, the conclusion can be drawn that the condyle surface curvature is not constant and different for all specimens when viewed along the surgical epicondylar axis. For the portion of the condylar surface that articulates with the tibia during knee flexion-extension, the determined center points approximate the location of the centers of rotation. The results suggest that the concept of a fixed flexion-extension axis is not applicable for every specimen. Copyright © 2010 by ASME.
    Citation
    Kosel, J., Giouroudi, I., Scheffer, C., Dillon, E., & Erasmus, P. (2010). Anatomical Study of the Radius and Center of Curvature of the Distal Femoral Condyle. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 132(9). doi:10.1115/1.4002061
    Publisher
    ASME International
    Journal
    Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
    DOI
    10.1115/1.4002061
    PubMed ID
    20815636
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1115/1.4002061
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Electrical Engineering Program; Sensing, Magnetism and Microsystems Lab; Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division

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