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    Scaling Relations of Local Magnitude versus Moment Magnitude for Sequences of Similar Earthquakes in Switzerland

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Bethmann, F.
    Deichmann, N.
    Mai, Paul Martin cc
    KAUST Department
    Computational Earthquake Seismology (CES) Research Group
    Earth Science and Engineering Program
    Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
    Date
    2011-03-22
    Online Publication Date
    2011-03-22
    Print Publication Date
    2011-04-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/555749
    
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    Abstract
    Theoretical considerations and empirical regressions show that, in the magnitude range between 3 and 5, local magnitude, ML, and moment magnitude, Mw, scale 1:1. Previous studies suggest that for smaller magnitudes this 1:1 scaling breaks down. However, the scatter between ML and Mw at small magnitudes is usually large and the resulting scaling relations are therefore uncertain. In an attempt to reduce these uncertainties, we first analyze the ML versus Mw relation based on 195 events, induced by the stimulation of a geothermal reservoir below the city of Basel, Switzerland. Values of ML range from 0.7 to 3.4. From these data we derive a scaling of ML ~ 1:5Mw over the given magnitude range. We then compare peak Wood-Anderson amplitudes to the low-frequency plateau of the displacement spectra for six sequences of similar earthquakes in Switzerland in the range of 0:5 ≤ ML ≤ 4:1. Because effects due to the radiation pattern and to the propagation path between source and receiver are nearly identical at a particular station for all events in a given sequence, the scatter in the data is substantially reduced. Again we obtain a scaling equivalent to ML ~ 1:5Mw. Based on simulations using synthetic source time functions for different magnitudes and Q values estimated from spectral ratios between downhole and surface recordings, we conclude that the observed scaling can be explained by attenuation and scattering along the path. Other effects that could explain the observed magnitude scaling, such as a possible systematic increase of stress drop or rupture velocity with moment magnitude, are masked by attenuation along the path.
    Citation
    Scaling Relations of Local Magnitude versus Moment Magnitude for Sequences of Similar Earthquakes in Switzerland 2011, 101 (2):515 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
    Publisher
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Journal
    Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
    DOI
    10.1785/0120100179
    Additional Links
    http://www.bssaonline.org/cgi/doi/10.1785/0120100179
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1785/0120100179
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division; Earth Science and Engineering Program

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