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    Carotenoid metabolic profiling and transcriptome-genome mining reveal functional equivalence among blue-pigmented copepods and appendicularia

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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Mojib, Nazia cc
    Amad, Maan H.
    Thimma, Manjula
    Aldanondo, Naroa
    Mande, Kumaran Kuppusamy
    Irigoien, Xabier cc
    KAUST Department
    Analytical Chemistry Core Lab
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Bioscience Core Lab
    Engagement
    Environmental
    Marine Science Program
    Plankton ecology Research Group
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Date
    2014-05-22
    Online Publication Date
    2014-05-22
    Print Publication Date
    2014-06
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/550807
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    The tropical oligotrophic oceanic areas are characterized by high water transparency and annual solar radiation. Under these conditions, a large number of phylogenetically diverse mesozooplankton species living in the surface waters (neuston) are found to be blue pigmented. In the present study, we focused on understanding the metabolic and genetic basis of the observed blue phenotype functional equivalence between the blue-pigmented organisms from the phylum Arthropoda, subclass Copepoda (Acartia fossae) and the phylum Chordata, class Appendicularia (Oikopleura dioica) in the Red Sea. Previous studies have shown that carotenoid–protein complexes are responsible for blue coloration in crustaceans. Therefore, we performed carotenoid metabolic profiling using both targeted and nontargeted (high-resolution mass spectrometry) approaches in four different blue-pigmented genera of copepods and one blue-pigmented species of appendicularia. Astaxanthin was found to be the principal carotenoid in all the species. The pathway analysis showed that all the species can synthesize astaxanthin from β-carotene, ingested from dietary sources, via 3-hydroxyechinenone, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, adonirubin or adonixanthin. Further, using de novo assembled transcriptome of blue A. fossae (subclass Copepoda), we identified highly expressed homologous β-carotene hydroxylase enzymes and putative carotenoid-binding proteins responsible for astaxanthin formation and the blue phenotype. In blue O. dioica (class Appendicularia), corresponding putative genes were identified from the reference genome. Collectively, our data provide molecular evidences for the bioconversion and accumulation of blue astaxanthin–protein complexes underpinning the observed ecological functional equivalence and adaptive convergence among neustonic mesozooplankton.
    Citation
    Carotenoid metabolic profiling and transcriptome-genome mining reveal functional equivalence among blue-pigmented copepods and appendicularia 2014, 23 (11):2740 Molecular Ecology
    Publisher
    Wiley
    Journal
    Molecular Ecology
    DOI
    10.1111/mec.12781
    PubMed ID
    24803335
    Additional Links
    http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/mec.12781
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1111/mec.12781
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program; Analytical Chemistry Core Lab; Bioscience Core Lab; Plankton Genomics, part of the Global Ocean Genome Project

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