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    Whale sharks target dense prey patches of sergestid shrimp off Tanzania

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    J. Plankton Res.-2015-Rohner-plankt_fbv010.pdf
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    Description:
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    Type
    Article
    Authors
    Rohner, C. A.
    Armstrong, A. J.
    Pierce, S. J.
    Prebble, C. E. M.
    Cagua, Edgar F. cc
    Cochran, Jesse
    Berumen, Michael L. cc
    Richardson, A. J.
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Entrepreneurship Center
    Marine Science Program
    Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)
    Reef Ecology Lab
    Date
    2015-03-17
    Online Publication Date
    2015-03-17
    Print Publication Date
    2015-03-01
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/346997
    
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    Abstract
    Large planktivores require high-density prey patches to make feeding energetically viable. This is a major challenge for species living in tropical and subtropical seas, such as whale sharks Rhincodon typus. Here, we characterize zooplankton biomass, size structure and taxonomic composition from whale shark feeding events and background samples at Mafia Island, Tanzania. The majority of whale sharks were feeding (73%, 380 of 524 observations), with the most common behaviour being active surface feeding (87%). We used 20 samples collected from immediately adjacent to feeding sharks and an additional 202 background samples for comparison to show that plankton biomass was ∼10 times higher in patches where whale sharks were feeding (25 vs. 2.6 mg m-3). Taxonomic analyses of samples showed that the large sergestid Lucifer hanseni (∼10 mm) dominated while sharks were feeding, accounting for ∼50% of identified items, while copepods (<2 mm) dominated background samples. The size structure was skewed towards larger animals representative of L.hanseni in feeding samples. Thus, whale sharks at Mafia Island target patches of dense, large, zooplankton dominated by sergestids. Large planktivores, such as whale sharks, which generally inhabit warm oligotrophic waters, aggregate in areas where they can feed on dense prey to obtain sufficient energy. © 2015 © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
    Citation
    Whale sharks target dense prey patches of sergestid shrimp off Tanzania 2015 Journal of Plankton Research
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Journal
    Journal of Plankton Research
    DOI
    10.1093/plankt/fbv010
    PubMed ID
    25814777
    PubMed Central ID
    PMC4371762
    Additional Links
    http://www.plankt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/plankt/fbv010
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/plankt/fbv010
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Articles; Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC); Marine Science Program

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