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    Assessing local water quality in Saudi Arabia and its impact on food safety

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    Dhafer Alsalah Thesis.pdf
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    Description:
    Dhafer Alsalah Thesis
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    Type
    Thesis
    Authors
    Alsalah, Dhafer cc
    Advisors
    Hong, Pei-Ying cc
    Committee members
    Saikaly, Pascal cc
    Stingl, Ulrich cc
    Program
    Environmental Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2014-12
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/336500
    
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    Abstract
    Saudi Arabia produces a majority of its fruits and vegetables locally in small-scale production farms. These farms utilize groundwater as the main source of irrigation water. The water-regulating authorities in Saudi Arabia rely on traditional culturing methods to monitor coliforms as indicators of microbial contamination. These methods are time-consuming, do not address the sources of contamination, and do not permit assessment on the associated health risk. To address these knowledge gaps, the study investigates the sources of contamination in eight wells northeast of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The study focuses on the potential impact on groundwater quality due to a nearby chicken farm and urban runoffs from human residential areas. Besides performing conventional methods to determine nutrient content and to enumerate coliforms, quantitative PCR using four host-associated primer sets were used to distinguish microbial contamination from humans and livestock. High-throughput sequencing was also performed to determine the relative abundance of several genera associated with opportunistic pathogens. Bacterial isolates were cultivated from the vegetable samples harvested from these farms, and were characterized for their phylogenetic identities. Lastly, the study collates the information to perform quantitative microbial risk assessment due to ingesting antibiotic-resistant Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in these vegetable samples.
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-2H531
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-2H531
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Theses

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