Mapping the base of sand dunes using a new design of land-streamer for static correction applications
Name:
Article-Journal_of-Mapping_th-2012-05-16.pdf
Size:
1.277Mb
Format:
PDF
Description:
Article - Full Text
Type
ArticleAuthors
Almalki, H.Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali

KAUST Department
Earth Science and Engineering ProgramPhysical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division
Seismic Wave Analysis Group
Date
2012-05-16Online Publication Date
2012-05-16Print Publication Date
2012-07Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/334515
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
The complex near-surface structure is a major problem in land seismic data. This is more critical when data acquisition takes place over sand dune surfaces, where the base of the sand acts as a trap for energy and, depending on its shape, can considerably distort conventionally acquired seismic data. Estimating the base of the sand dune surface can help model the sand dune and reduce its harmful influence on conventional seismic data. Among the current methods to do so are drilling upholes and using conventional seismic data to apply static correction. Both methods have costs and limitations. For upholes, the cost factor and their inability to provide a continuous model is well realized. Meanwhile, conventional seismic data lack the resolution necessary to obtain accurate modeling of the sand basement. We developed a method to estimate the sand base from land-streamer seismic acquisition that is developed and geared to sand surfaces. Seismic data acquisition took place over a sand surface in the Al-Thumamah area, where an uphole is located, using the developed land-streamer and conventional spiked geophone systems. Land-streamer acquisition not only provides a more efficient data acquisition system than the conventional spiked geophone approach, but also in our case, the land-streamer provided better quality data with a broader frequency bandwidth. Such data enabled us to do accurate near-surface velocity estimation that resulted in velocities that are very close to those measured using uphole methods. This fact is demonstrated on multiple lines acquired near upholes, and agreement between the seismic velocities and the upholes is high. The stacked depth seismic section shows three layers. The interface between the first and second layers is located at 7 m depth, while the interface between second and third layers is located at 68 m depth, which agrees with the uphole result. 2012 The Author(s).Citation
Almalki H, Alkhalifah T (2012) Mapping the base of sand dunes using a new design of land-streamer for static correction applications. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 2: 57-65. doi:10.1007/s13202-012-0022-1.Publisher
Springer Natureae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1007/s13202-012-0022-1
Scopus Count
The following license files are associated with this item:
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Skeletonization of Data for Seismic Inversion, Seismic Imaging and GPS Marker DetectionFeng, Shihang (2019-09) [Dissertation]
Advisor: Schuster, Gerard T.
Committee members: Sun, Shuyu; Zhang, Xiangliang; Lin, YouzuoThis thesis develops four skeletonization methods for seismic inversion, seismic imaging, and GPS marker detection to improve both their computational efficiency and accuracy. The first two improve the accuracy of the final inverted images by novel skeletonized inversion methods. The third one improves the quality of seismic imaging by employing skeletonized preconditional operators. The fourth one uses skeletonized data for machine learning (ML) identification of GPS markers in drone photos. Three papers are published in top applied-geophysics journals, one paper is submitted and under review, while the fifth paper is now online at ArcXiv. It will soon be submitted to the journal Remote Sensing. 1. To obtain a good starting model for anisotropic full waveform inversion (FWI), the simultaneous inversion of anisotropic parameters vp0 and ε is initially performed using the wave-equation traveltime inversion (WT) method. Then a transmission+reflection wave-equation traveltime and waveform inversion (WTW) method is presented for a vertical transverse isotropic (VTI) medium where both traveltimes and waveforms are inverted for the velocity model. 2. To mitigate the amplitude mismatch problem, multiscale phase inversion (MPI) is presented where the magnitude spectra of the predicted data are replaced by those of the observed data. Moreover, the data are integrated N times in the time domain to boost the low-frequency components. In this case, the skeletonized data are traces with the substituted magnitude spectra so that only the recorded phase data need to be inverted. 3. I have developed a velocity-independent workflow for reconstructing a high-quality zero-offset reflection section from prestack data with a deblurring filter. In this case the Hessian inverse is approximated by its skeletonized representation, also known as the deblurring operator. 4. The GPS markers are only about 0.5×0.5 m2 in size and are difficult to detect manually in the drone images. The marker has a unique hourglass shape and its color is dark. To take advantage of these features, superpixels are used as the skeletonized representations of the targets. Then a superpixel-based classification method is applied to the aerial images. -
Two applications of time reversal mirrors: Seismic radio and seismic radarHanafy, Sherif M.; Schuster, Gerard T. (The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), 2011-10-03) [Article]Two seismic applications of time reversal mirrors (TRMs) are introduced and tested with field experiments. The first one is sending, receiving, and decoding coded messages similar to a radio except seismic waves are used. The second one is, similar to radar surveillance, detecting and tracking a moving object(s) in a remote area, including the determination of the objects speed of movement. Both applications require the prior recording of calibrationGreen’s functions in the area of interest. This reference Green’s function will be used as a codebook to decrypt the coded message in the first application and as a moving sensor for the second application. Field tests show that seismicradar can detect the moving coordinates ( x(t), y(t), z(t)) of a person running through a calibration site. This information also allows for a calculation of his velocity as a function of location. Results with the seismic radio are successful in seismically detecting and decoding coded pulses produced by a hammer. Both seismic radio and radar are highly robust to signals in high noise environments due to the super-stacking property of TRMs.
-
Ambient noise tomography across Mount St. Helens using a dense seismic arrayWang, Yadong; Lin, Fan-Chi; Schmandt, Brandon; Farrell, Jamie (Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2017-06-03) [Article]We investigated upper crustal structure with data from a dense seismic array deployed around Mount St. Helens for 2 weeks in the summer of 2014. Interstation cross correlations of ambient seismic noise data from the array were obtained, and clear fundamental mode Rayleigh waves were observed between 2.5 and 5 s periods. In addition, higher-mode signals were observed around 2 s period. Frequency-time analysis was applied to measure fundamental mode Rayleigh wave phase velocities, which were used to invert for 2-D phase velocity maps. An azimuth-dependent traveltime correction was implemented to mitigate potential biases introduced due to an inhomogeneous noise source distribution. Reliable phase velocity maps were only obtained between 3 and 4 s periods due to limitations imposed by the array aperture and higher-mode contamination. The phase velocity tomography results, which are sensitive to structure shallower than 6 km depth, reveal an ~10–15% low-velocity anomaly centered beneath the volcanic edifice and peripheral high-velocity anomalies that likely correspond to cooled igneous intrusions. We suggest that the low-velocity anomaly reflects the high-porosity mixture of lava and ash deposits near the surface of the edifice, a highly fractured magmatic conduit and hydrothermal system beneath the volcano, and possibly a small contribution from silicate melt.