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    Ceramic Ultrafiltration of Marine Algal Solutions: A Comprehensive Study

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    Laure Dramas Dissertation.pdf
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    Type
    Dissertation
    Authors
    Dramas, Laure cc
    Advisors
    Croue, Jean-Philippe
    Committee members
    Irigoien, Xabier cc
    Teychene, Benoit
    Leiknes, TorOve cc
    Program
    Environmental Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2014-09
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/334482
    
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    Abstract
    Algal bloom can significantly impact reverse osmosis desalination process and reduce the drinking water production. In 2008, a major bloom event forced several UAE reverse osmosis plants to stop their production, and in this context, a better understanding of UF membrane fouling caused by algal organic matter (AOM) is needed, in order to adjust the filtration conditions during algal bloom events. Polymeric MF/UF membranes are already widely used for RO pretreatment, but ceramic UF membranes can also be an alternative for the filtration of marine algal solutions. The fouling potential of the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea, sampled at different seasons, along with four algal monocultures grown in laboratory, and one mesocosm experiment in the Red Sea was investigated. Algal solutions induce a stronger and more irreversible fouling than terrestrial humic solution, toward ceramic membrane. During algal bloom events, this fouling is enhanced and becomes even more problematic at the decline phase of the bloom, for a similar initial DOC. Three main mechanisms are involved: the formation of a cake layer at the membrane surface; the penetration of the algal organic matter (AOM) in the pore network of the membrane; the strong adhesion of AOM with the membrane surface. The last mechanism is species-specific and metal-oxide specific. In order to understand the stronger ceramic UF fouling at the decline phase, AOM quality was analyzed every two days. During growth, AOM is getting enriched in High Molecular Weight (HMW) structures (> 200 kDa), which are mainly composed by proteins and polysaccharides, and these compounds seem to be responsible for the stronger fouling at decline phase. In order to prevent the fouling of ceramic membrane, coagulation-flocculation (CF) using ferric chloride was implemented prior to filtration. It permits a high removal of HMW compounds and greatly reduces the fouling potential of the algal solution. During brief algal bloom events, CF should be implemented prior to UF to protect the membranes. A comparison between polymeric and ceramic UF membranes showed that ceramic membrane suffers from a stronger fouling but permits a better removal of DOC and particularly HMW compounds.
    Citation
    Dramas, L. (2014). Ceramic Ultrafiltration of Marine Algal Solutions: A Comprehensive Study. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-7MK48
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-7MK48
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-7MK48
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; PhD Dissertations

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