Disappearing scales in carps: Re-visiting Kirpichnikov's model on the genetics of scale pattern formation
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Type
ArticleAuthors
Castano, Laura CasasSzűcs, Réka
Vij, Shubha
Goh, Chin Heng
Kathiresan, Purushothaman
Németh, Sándor
Jeney, Zsigmond
Bercsényi, Miklós
Orbán, László
KAUST Department
Red Sea Research Center (RSRC)Date
2013-12-30Permanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/325332
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Show full item recordAbstract
The body of most fishes is fully covered by scales that typically form tight, partially overlapping rows. While some of the genes controlling the formation and growth of fish scales have been studied, very little is known about the genetic mechanisms regulating scale pattern formation. Although the existence of two genes with two pairs of alleles (S&s and N&n) regulating scale coverage in cyprinids has been predicted by Kirpichnikov and colleagues nearly eighty years ago, their identity was unknown until recently. In 2009, the 'S' gene was found to be a paralog of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fgfr1a1, while the second gene called 'N' has not yet been identified. We re-visited the original model of Kirpichnikov that proposed four major scale pattern types and observed a high degree of variation within the so-called scattered phenotype due to which this group was divided into two sub-types: classical mirror and irregular. We also analyzed the survival rates of offspring groups and found a distinct difference between Asian and European crosses. Whereas nude x nude crosses involving at least one parent of Asian origin or hybrid with Asian parent(s) showed the 25% early lethality predicted by Kirpichnikov (due to the lethality of the NN genotype), those with two Hungarian nude parents did not. We further extended Kirpichnikov's work by correlating changes in phenotype (scale-pattern) to the deformations of fins and losses of pharyngeal teeth. We observed phenotypic changes which were not restricted to nudes, as described by Kirpichnikov, but were also present in mirrors (and presumably in linears as well; not analyzed in detail here). We propose that the gradation of phenotypes observed within the scattered group is caused by a gradually decreasing level of signaling (a dosedependent effect) probably due to a concerted action of multiple pathways involved in scale formation. 2013 Casas et al.Citation
Casas L, Szűcs R, Vij S, Goh CH, Kathiresan P, et al. (2013) Disappearing Scales in Carps: Re-Visiting Kirpichnikov's Model on the Genetics of Scale Pattern Formation. PLoS ONE 8: e83327. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083327.Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)Journal
PLoS ONEPubMed ID
24386179PubMed Central ID
PMC3875451ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1371/journal.pone.0083327
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