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    Experimental Measurement of Diffusive Extinction Depth and Soil Moisture Gradients in Southwestern Saudi Arabian Dune Sand

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    Type
    Thesis
    Authors
    Mughal, Iqra
    Advisors
    Amy, Gary L.
    Committee Members
    Jadoon, Khan Z.
    Mai, Paul Martin cc
    Missimer, Thomas M.
    Program
    Environmental Science and Engineering
    KAUST Department
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division
    Date
    2013-05
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/10754/292461
    
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    Abstract
    In arid lands, a major contribution to water loss is by soil water evaporation. Desert sand dunes in arid regions are devoid of runoff and have high rates of infiltration. Rainwater is commonly stored within them because of the low permeability soils in the underlying desert pavement. In such cases, moisture is confined in the sand dune below a depth, termed as the “extinction depth”, where it is protected from evaporation during long dry periods. Moreover, desert sand dunes have sparse vegetation, which results in low transpiration losses from the stored water. The water accumulated below the extinction depth of the sand dunes can be utilized for various purposes such as in irrigation to support desert agriculture. In this study, field experiments were conducted in Western Saudi Arabia to monitor the soil moisture gradients and determine the diffusive extinction depth of dune sand. The dune sand was saturated with water and was exposed to natural conditions (evaporation and precipitation). The decline of the water level in the sand column was continuously recorded using transducers and sensors installed at different depths monitored the temporal variation of temperature and moisture content within the sand. The hydrological simulator HYDRUS-1D was used to construct the vertical profiles of soil water content and temperature and the results obtained from HYDRUS-1D were compared to the gradients monitored by the sensors.
    DOI
    10.25781/KAUST-TZ851
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.25781/KAUST-TZ851
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division; Environmental Science and Engineering Program; Theses

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